Cactus music gc full#

reported pulegone as the major component of M. Pulegone was found to be the major component of the Moroccan M. oil revealed the predominance of a monoterpene ketone, pulegone with (84.69%), which is known for its insecticidal effect against numerous insect pests. opuntiae females at all concentrations tested. oils had caused important mortality rates (82%) and (80%) and (80%) at 8 days after application, respectively, while no mortality was observed by E. The increasing concentrations of the EOs significantly increased the mortality of females that were exposed to different essential oils for different periods. vulgare with 98 and 92% at 5%, respectively (5 days after treatment). Among all EOs tested, the highest mortality rates of D. At 3 days after application, the highest percentage mortality (74%) of adult females was recorded for M. opuntiae, caused by the six EOs at different tested concentrations for various exposure times. Data analysis showed a significant difference ( p < 0.001) in mortality of nymphs and adult females D. opuntiae after exposure to EOs is presented in Table 1 and Table 2.

The mortality of nymphs and adult females of D. The compounds identification was carried out using the NIST 2017 MS Library. The oven temperature was programmed at 30 ☌ for 3 min and then increased by 10 ☌ min −1 to 250 ☌. The temperatures of the ion source and the quadrupoles were 230 and 150 ☌, respectively.

Cactus music gc full#

The composition of the essential oil determined from the peak areas was calculated as a percentage of the total compounds existing in the sample detection using full scan mode between 30–1000 m/z, with gain factor of 5 and electron impact ionization. Four µL of the soluble extract was injected into the column by 1:5 split mode using helium as carrier gas at a flow rate of 2 mL min −1. Ten µL of the liquid samples were dissolved in an appropriate volume of chloroform. communis) was performed using gas chromatography (GC) (Agilent 7890A Series) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) equipped with a multimode injector and a 123-BD11 column of dimension (15 m × 320 μm × 0.1 μm) at Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR) Institute. Īnalysis of the four selected bioactive EOs ( O. They can also cause repellency, antifeedant effects, growth effect, and inhibition of reproduction. Besides, these secondary metabolites have shown a range of biological activities, such as contact toxicity and fumigant toxicity. reported that the terpenoids such as eugenol, 1,8-cineol, and menthol had significantly reduced the number of D. found that different essential oils belonging to various families, including Ocimum basilicum L., Mentha spicata L., Cymbopogon winterianus and Lippia graveolens Kunth, showed an important insecticide activity against 1st instar D. In this context, several researchers have reported the efficiency of essential oils and terpenoids for the control of D. Several chemical compounds of the plant essential oils, consisting of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids and phenols, sesquiterpene, and other compounds, have been reported as having insecticidal potential against different insect pests. They have been recognized to possess various biological proprieties including fungicidal, bactericidal, acaricidal, or insecticidal. opuntiae, as a safe and natural alternative to chemical insecticides.Įssentials oils are natural volatiles and fragrant compounds produced as secondary metabolites. vulgare in combination with black soap or in double sprays could be incorporated in the management package for the control of the wild cochineal D.

vulgare oils was pulegone (84.69%) and durenol (76.53%), respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that the most abundant constituent of M. pulegium oil at 5% significantly increased the mortality of adult females up to 91%, 5 days after the second spray. vulgare oils at 5% in combination with black soap (60 g/L) showed the highest adult female mortalities with 96.33 and 92.56%, respectively, 7 days after the first application. vulgaris oils at 5% applied in combination with black soap at (60 g/L) induced the highest toxic activity on adult females, 100% and 96% at 5 days after treatments, respectively. essential oils showed a high level of insecticidal activity at 5%, with 98% and 92% females’ mortality, respectively, 5 days after treatments. opuntiae applied singly or in combination with a detergent under laboratory and field conditions. The present study investigated the insecticidal activities of six essential oils (EOs) against nymphs and adult females of D. The carmine cochineal Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) is the major insect pest of the prickly-pear cactus Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) in Morocco.